A research team led by Imperial College London has presented in a new study that Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) or solar storms could be more extreme than previously believed when they “slipstream” each other or when two such events follow each other. Modeling of an extreme space weather event that missed the Earth narrowly in 2012 shows that it could have been worse if another one occurred.
Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) are explosions of vast amounts of magnetized material from the Sun, which travel at high speeds and release a large amount of energy in a short period. When the CMEs reach the Earth, they trigger auroras, but they can also disrupt satellites and communications.
The most extreme of space weather events are likely to be catastrophic, causing power blackouts that would damage transformers, and it could take years to repair. Therefore, precise monitoring and forecasting are important to reduce possible damage.
The research team analyzed a large CME that happened on July 23, 2012, which narrowly missed the Earth by a couple of days. It traveled at around 2 250 km/s (1 400 mps), making it comparable to one of the biggest events on record– the 1859 Carrington event.
“The 23 July 2012 event is the most extreme space weather event of the space age, and if this event struck the Earth, the consequences could cause technological blackouts and severely disrupt society, as we are ever more reliant on modern technologies for our day-to-day lives,” said lead author Dr. Ravindra Desai from the Department of Physics at Imperial.
“We find however that this event could actually have been even more extreme– faster and more intense– if it had been launched several days earlier directly behind another event.”
The team studied one of the possible causes to identify what made the storm so extreme, and determined that it was the release of another CME — on July 19, just a few days before — that ‘cleared’ the path for another.
CMEs travel faster than the ambient solar wind, the stream of charged particles constantly flowing from the sun. This means the solar wind exerts drag on the traveling CME, slowing it down.
However, if a previous CME has recently passed through, the solar wind will be affected in such a way that it will not slow down the subsequent CME as much. This is similar to how race car drivers ‘slipstream’ behind one another to gain a speed advantage.
The July 23 event. Image credit: NASA/STEREO
The team developed a model that accurately represented the traits of the July 23 event, then simulated what would happen if it had happened earlier or later, or closer to the July 19 event.
The researchers found that by the time of the July 23 event, the solar wind had recovered from the July 19 event, thus, the previous event had a small impact. However, the model showed that if the latter event happened earlier– nearer the July 19 event– it could have been more extreme and could have possibly reached up to 2 750 km/s (1 700 mps).
“We show that the phenomenon of ‘solar wind preconditioning’, where an initial CME causes a subsequent CME to travel faster, is important for magnifying extreme space weather events,” said co-author Han Zhang.
“Our model results, showing the magnitude of the effect and how long the effect lasts, can contribute to current space weather forecasting efforts.”
“There have been previous instances of successive solar storms bombarding the Earth, such as the Halloween Storms of 2003,” co-author Emma Davies added.
“During this period, the sun produced many solar flares, with accompanying CMEs of speeds around 2 000 km/s. These events damaged satellites and communication systems, caused aircraft to be re-routed, and a power outage in Sweden.”
“There is always the possibility of similar or worse scenarios occurring this next solar cycle, therefore accurate models for prediction are vital to helping mitigate their effects.”
Reference
“Three-Dimensional Simulations of Solar Wind Preconditioning and the 23 July 2012 Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection” – Desai, R. T. et al. – Solar Physics – DOI: 10.1007/s11207-020-01700-5 – OPEN ACCESS
Abstract
Predicting the large-scale eruptions from the solar corona and their propagation through interplanetary space remains an outstanding challenge in solar- and helio-physics research. In this article, we describe three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the inner heliosphere leading up to and including the extreme interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) of 23 July 2012, developed using the code PLUTO. The simulations are driven using the output of coronal models for Carrington rotations 2125 and 2126 and, given the uncertainties in the initial conditions, are able to reproduce an event of comparable magnitude to the 23 July ICME, with similar velocity and density profiles at 1 au. The launch time of this event is then varied with regards to an initial 19 July ICME and the effects of solar wind preconditioning are found to be significant for an event of this magnitude and to decrease over a time-window consistent with the ballistic refilling of the depleted heliospheric sector. These results indicate that the 23 July ICME was mostly unaffected by events prior, but would have traveled even faster had it erupted closer in time to the 19 July event where it would have experienced even lower drag forces. We discuss this systematic study of solar wind preconditioning in the context of space weather forecasting.
The following is a thorough explanation of how DNA and human consciousness are completely interconnected, along with how this is related to the merging of the Sagittarius Dwarf Galaxy and the Milky Way Galaxy.
WE ARE NOT FROM HERE
The picture below on the right shows the Milky Way Galaxy as seen from earth on a clear night.
Since our earliest education, we have always been taught that the earth, our sun and solar system belonged to the Milky Way Galaxy. New scientific evidence clearly shows that not to be the case.
One of the greatest astronomical mysteries is why the Milky Way is at an angle when seen from earth. If our solar system emerged OUT from the Milky Way, we would be in line with the whirlpool disk but as it is, we reside at an angle to it. That long time mystery has now been solved.
A new infra red digital survey of the entire sky was made in 2003. Teams from the universities of Virginia and Massachusetts used a supercomputer to sort through half a billion stars to create a — NEW STAR MAP showing our Solar System to be at the exact nexus crossroads where two galaxies are actually joining.
We are now joining the Milky Way Galactic community … with all the implications thereof.
A sense of shock came as scientists announced that the Sun, the Moon, our planet and its siblings, were not born into the familiar band of stars known as the Milky Way galaxy, but we actually belong to a strange formation with the unfamiliar name of the Sagittarius Dwarf galaxy!
How can this be?
Using volumes of data from the Two-Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS), a major project to survey the sky in infrared light led by the University of Massachusetts, the astronomers are answering questions that have baffled scientists for decades and proving that our own Milky Way is consuming one of its neighbors in a dramatic display of ongoing galactic cannibalism. The study published in the Astrophysical Journal, is the first to map the full extent of the Sagittarius galaxy and show in visually vivid detail how its debris wraps around and passes through our Milky Way. Sagittarius is 10,000 times smaller in mass than the Milky Way, so it is getting stretched out, torn apart and gobbled up by the bigger Milky Way.
We are at an angle to the arms of the Milky Way Whirlpool Disk because we did NOT come out of the Milky Way but the Sagittarius Dwarf Galaxy which is now colliding with and being “eaten” by the huge Milky Way.
It has always been known that the Milky Way collects material from other galaxies and overwhelms the small ones. The Sagittarius Dwarf Galaxy from which our solar system came is very very small and being energetically consumed. We are about to join the Milky Way at the energetic level of the Whirlpool Disk.
The rings around the Milky Way Galaxy here are the remnants of other, smaller galaxies. You can see where our Sun is located and that it has been moving in an entirely different direction than thought. Trace the ring in which our solar system resides and you can see its path. Now it becomes obvious why the Milky Way is viewed at an angle from earth. And the coming convergence also becomes obvious as our solar system, from the diminishing Sagittarius Dwarf Galaxy now joins with the Milky Way.
The Overall Biggest contributing Cause to Global Climate Changes, and the melting of the polar icecaps of — both — Earth and Mars (and Pluto) is caused by our arrival into the brighter, more energetic equator region of the Milky Way galactic disc ( where all the action is ) as we cross cut in from the clearly less energetic darker deep space.
With a little contemplation, it should become clear to anyone what is happening.
Actual Infrared Photo of Milky Way from Earth: nearly centered side view amidst glowing plasma region of whirlpool disc [Image Credits NASA]
Crossroads of Convergence
The many scientists studying these phenomena are telling us that this has vast implications for all DNA on planet Earth and her entire web of life. Big and sudden evolutionary changes are already beginning to occur.
These sudden and rapid changes have been called by evolutionary biologists a punctuated equilibrium.
Punctuated Equilibrium: The evolutionary process involving long periods without change (stasis) punctuated by short periods of rapid speciation.
At this moment we are beginning to undergo such a punctuated equilibrium.
The nature of our species, homo sapiens is now undergoing a huge shift. Some call it a transformational evolution, others call it the end of our old world and the beginning of a new one happening simultaneously.
Some can only perceive the negative side of it and are reacting with extreme fear over the loss of the familiar. They predict doomsday but, although many things in our old world are perishing rapidly, there demise will only herald a new age. A new age so different from the past dysfunction of thousands of years as to be almost incomprehensible from our present perspectives. The metaphor of a “golden age of peace’ has been used many times and in many cultures to describe the after-time.
Our physical DNA affects our personal human conscious awareness. DNA and human consciousness are completely interconnected, intertwined, commingled. What affects one affects the other. DNA is the material/physical aspect of human consciousness. Those who are becoming aware of the spiritual aspects, due to activating their energenic heart, are able to see the metaphysical implications as well.
This bombardment by the rapidly increasing energies now coming in from the Milky Way Whirl Pool Disk means rapid changes for human consciousness and it means genetic changes for all life on earth, as every quanta of matter and energy in our entire solar system is transformed while colliding with the many energetic frequencies, ions, radiations and cosmic dust pouring out from the Milky Way equator and rapidly engulfing our entire solar system, including The Sun and planet earth.
It was the work of Russian scientists that made us alert to the physical aspects of this convergence.
There is an institute in Russia which focuses on studying our Sun’s Heliosphere. The Heliosphere is the huge magnetic field of our Sun which surrounds the entire solar system like an envelope. We are continually moving through space in a certain direction. As I understand it, when you draw this on a two dimensional graph, we are rapidly charging downward from Northeast to Southwest right into the Milky Way equator at an angle. We will cross it and come out underneath the Milky Way as we enter its lower western quadrant.
Above: Convergence of galaxies from an Earth perspective of the Milky Way Galaxy
Basically, the Mayans said that it is NOT the end of the world but our world’s recycling and transformation into an entirely new world where peace will reign. It is the golden age long prophesied by many, many cultures on earth, although described in various cultures with different metaphors.
So, how do these Russians who study the Sun’s Heliosphere know about this coming convergence?
Our Sun and solar system speeds through space surround by our electro-magnetic envelope called the Heliosphere. It is shaped somewhat like a tear drop with a blunt leading edge and a thinner tail. As the blunt leading edge encounters the energies, radiations and cosmic particles of space, it effervesces or glows due to the energetic plasmas produced along the leading edge.
Scientists have long known this and have measured the length of this plasma effervescence in astronomical units. One astronomical unit (au) is the distance between the Earth and the Sun. It has remained fairly constant up until now. The length of this effervescence along the Heliosphere’s leading edge is now 1000% greater than what had always been considered normal. And, it is increasing rapidly the closer we get to the extreme energy of the Milky Way ecliptic as we plunge down into it and come out on the other side like a bunch of kids getting off the world’s most exciting roller coaster ride with trembling knees, seeing the world according to their inmost heart’s desire. Only in this case, some of the kids decided to go off on a different roller coaster ride to an environment they were more familiar with.
And, although no human being can do anything to stop it from happening, nor should we, those who are aware of it will definitely have a heads up as these tumultuous Earth changes increasingly build up until they can hold no more energy and all the quantum particles in our solar system suddenly and instantly shoot apart from each other and remain stable at that increased distance.
This is a dimensional shift. It is a sudden density shift of all matter in our world from what is called third to fourth density.
Considering all the new insights concerning the nature of matter and time, I now increasingly understand this probability.
What then? What’s the next step in evolution?
If one contemplates this, the answer is found in thousands of years of prophecy in all cultures from the beginning of humankind’s awareness. These prophesies center on the emergence of a new era of peace while, at the same time, the old worn out and dying age completely recycles.
In a good sense, the dross is vaporized.
This has been foreseen in the prophecies of EVERY culture on earth, using different mythologies and metaphors of description, for thousands of years.
The cataclysms which are now increasing all over our planet will not come on all at once, but gradually and with increasing intensity.
The earth changes have already begun, as many people now fully realize and other people are starting to realize.
Most folks are highly perplexed by it. Perhaps what I am writing here will bring some comfort as well as practical help.
Some of you reading this right now are aware of this through your inner intuitions. Like myself, your intuitions have sensed this change coming on for a long, long time.. many since birth. It is that inner gut feeling of expectation. An anticipation which includes both angst for physical survival, as the outer energetic intensity increases and, at the same time, the inner expectation for an entirely new paradigm to emerge upon our planet and its confused people who are so caught up in war, criminality, religious and ideological fanaticism, violence and control, all for various selfish interests.
We intuitively feel the pressure building and inwardly know that eventually something will give.
Those intuitive feelings about this coming change are accurate, although our interpretations of them vary. But, you are not alone.
We can call this emerging new state of our existence fourth density. When the term density is used instead of dimension it is referring to differing states of the quantum particles between one world dimension and another. It refers to the cohesion and oscillation rate of each quanta which is an expression of material density.
In this vast Universe, time and space are completely comingled and consist of many different ratios. All quanta vibrate (or spin) at different frequencies and the quantum particles exist in linear time at varying distances from one another.
In our present third density world, the quantum particles of matter have a certain known distance between them. Most folks do not have any conception of how incredibly small these basic quanta are and even less idea of how much empty space exists between each one.
What is the empty space between?
It is the field of infinite energy and intelligence. It is the time domain.
Presently, in third density, this distance between the quanta which make up everything, including light (photons), is analogous to the distance between a golf ball at one end of a football field and a second golf ball clear down at the other end.
In between the two golf balls (quanta) is lots of space indeed.
But, it is not “empty” space, but a seething energetic flux of both entropy and organization.
In the coming, and much finer, fourth density, these quanta are further apart. It should be understood that the quantum level is much, much smaller and finer than the gross atomic level where these various quanta congregate. All is energy. Matter is energy spinning in various configurations.
Albert Einstein stated: “Concerning matter, we have been all wrong. What we have called matter is energy, whose vibration has been so lowered as to be perceptible to the senses. There is no matter.”
