Shot of a new lava dome seen on July 7, 2013 forming within the main crater at Mexico’s Popocatépetl after a week on continuous strong ash emissions and explosions. Image: CENAPRED.
Programming Note: I’ve now entered summer crunch time. Between lab time and field work with my students over the next month along with my own projects and manuscripts that need to move forward before the start of the next school year, I am going to be busy with a capitol B. I’ve going to try to keep up with posts as events occur, but I can’t guarantee that I can update as quickly and frequently as I normally do, at least not until this stretch is over. Hopefully this helps dispel that myth that someone college faculty have the summer “off” … !
Onwards to the update!
As noted in this space last week, Popocatépetl has had an active week, to the point that a multitude of flights in/out of the international airport in Mexico City were cancelled. This huffing and puffing at Popocatépetl, with ash plumes reaching 3-4 km above the volcano, has prompted the elevation of the alert status to Yellow-Phase III. This means that the eruption at the volcano has moved from sporadic explosions (Phase II) to frequent small to intermediate explosions, usually caused by a dome collapse (that can generate pyroclastic flows). Tremor is almost constant at the volcano, along with constant emission of ash-and-steam from the summit vent.
An overflight of that vent on Sunday showed that a new lava dome has formed within the crater during the past week’s activity (see above), meaning a new sequence of dome growth (and eventual collapse) is in full swing. As magma rises up under the active vent, a plug of lava forms (as the lava dome). The pressure rises under the plug and it is eventually destroyed (either by collapse or explosion), leaving the magma underneath to feel the drop in pressure, prompting an explosive eruption. Once the vent is clear, new lava can begin to fill in the vent to form another new dome and the cycle continues.
This type of eruption is common at many arc-related volcanoes like Popocatepetl like Mount St. Helens, Soufriere Hills and Merapi. You can check out this USGS page on this same pattern that occurred at St. Helens after the catastrophic 1980 eruption or if you want to get cozy with a dome, check out this video of the dome at Mexico’s Colima taken in 2008 — rubbly piles of extruding lava within the main crater vent. The collapse of these domes can be one of the most dangerous and unpredictable events at a volcano as the extrusion of the dome isn’t particularly violent, but the collapse can generate large pyroclastic flows. A collapse of a dome at Unzen killed the famed volcanologists Maurice and Katia Krafft and Harry Glicken in 1991. The dome at Popocatepetl likely needs to get larger so it extends out of the crater at the summit vent (see above) before it can generate a large dome collapse pyroclastic flow, but all of this means that Popocatepetl needs to be taken seriously in this new phase of activity.
Tropical Storm Chantal is strengthening as it speeds west-northwestwards at 26 mph through the Lesser Antilles Islands. At 6:22 am AST, St. Lucia recorded a wind gust of 54 mph. Sustained winds of 38 mph, gusting to 52 mph, were observed at Martinique at 10 am AST. An Air Force hurricane hunter aircraft is in the storm, and measured top winds at their 1,000′ flight level of 80 mph at 8:41 am AST, about 20 miles north of the center. Top winds seen by the aircraft’s SFMR instrument were about 60 mph, and it is likely that NHC will bump up Chantal’s top winds to at least 60 mph in their 11 am advisory. Barbados Radar shows a large area of heavy rain that has organized moderately well into low-level spiral bands affecting much of the central Lesser Antilles Islands. Chantal is not very impressive on satellite loops, though, with only a modest amount of heavy thunderstorms that are not well-organized. Only a small amount of upper-level outflow is visible. Chantal is fighting dry air associated with the Saharan Air Layer (SAL), as seen on water vapor satellite loops. Moderate wind shear of 15 – 20 knots is driving dry air into the storm. Ocean temperatures are fairly warm, at 28°C.
Figure 1. Latest satellite image of Chantal.
Figure 2. Barbados weather radar image of Chantal taken at 9:14 am AST on Tuesday, July 9, 2013. Chantal’s center was located between St. Lucia and Martinique. Image credit: Barbados Met Service.
Forecast for Chantal
Chantal will likely continue to intensify before hitting Hispaniola on Wednesday afternoon. In their 5 am EDT wind probability forecast, NHC gave Chantal a 23% chance of becoming a hurricane before hitting Hispaniola. Working against intensification will be the fast forward speed of the storm–tropical storms moving faster than 20 mph in the deep tropics usually have trouble intensifying. In addition, the Eastern Caribbean is an area where the trade winds accelerate, helping drive sinking air that discourages tropical storm intensification. Dry air will also slow down the intensification process. Interaction with the high mountains of Hispaniola and high wind shear may be able to destroy Chantal by Thursday. The 8 am EDT Tuesday wind shear forecast from the SHIPS model calls for shear to rise to the high range, 20 – 30 knots, as the storm approaches and crosses Hispaniola on Wednesday and Thursday. On Friday and Saturday, when Chantal is expected to be in the Bahamas, lower moderate wind shear of 15 – 20 knots should allow for re-intensification of the storm–if it survives interaction with the high mountains of Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, and Eastern Cuba. The latest 06Z run of the GFS model dissipates Chantal as it crosses Hispaniola, though the 00Z run done 6 hours earlier had the storm surviving. Chantal has the potential to cause big problems for Haiti, which is highly vulnerable to flash flooding due to the lack of vegetation on the deforested mountains. However, there is a lot of dry air to the west of Chantal, which may act to keep rainfall totals in Haiti down to a manageable 2 – 4″. Over 300,000 people are still homeless and living in makeshift tent camps in Haiti, three years after the great 2010 earthquake.
Chantal’s fast west-northwest forward speed of 26 mph will slow to 20 mph by Wednesday afternoon and then 10 mph by Thursday afternoon, as the storm “feels” the presence of a trough of low pressure over the U.S. East Coast. This trough will steer Chantal to the northwest and then north-northwest across Hispaniola and into the Bahamas. The trough of low pressure pulling Chantal northwards is expected to lift out the the northeast over the weekend, leaving Chantal behind off the coast of Florida. High pressure will likely build in, potentially forcing an intensifying Chantal westwards into the Florida or Southeast U.S. coast, with a possible Monday landfall.
Just a note: this morning around 3:00 AM, there was a huge surge of new energy onto the scene. It has a clash with some of the older stuff hanging around, so you may have found your sleep disrupted or perhaps some very odd dreams. There will be more of this happening. It is a good time to journal your dreams. That will assist in seeing how the pattern is merging.
This is a day for synchronicity, and if you are open to it, many things can become much clearer to you. This will happen through the symbols and signs associated with the synchronistic event/s. Things are happening on many, many levels now and while they can be read one way from a certain point of view, from another perspective there is a much deeper realm of meaning. You will understand what this means as the day goes forward. This is a day for being ready for whatever comes your way. This is not a time to react without first grounding and centering. It is important to have perspective today in order to see things as they are, beyond the illusion.
The theme this week is “of all things…” And it will definitely be a week of all things, so choose wisely what it is that you are wishing to focus upon. That can make a big difference this week.
Overall Color for the Week: Light Green Blue
So, what you thought you knew, what you thought was so reliable, how you created your routine, all those kinds of things are turning out to be not quite as rock solid as you thought. Just remember that most of the space in an atom is empty, and you might just find yourself staring into a new kind of emptiness this week as the energies begin to pull things apart, as things start tumbling about. You will find this week can bring you some interesting confrontations, exchanges, conversations with people you know. The effect of these will be to make you question a lot of the foregone conclusions that you had had. Also, you might feel yourself spinning a bit off center as friends you thought you knew so well become somehow different. The long view of all this is to see that things that once seemed so reliable are changing. Interestingly, your reactions and doubts and questions can be provoked by a seemingly innocent comment. As for some of the things you used to love, this week you will begin to look at as not quite so desirable. You may still enjoy them, but you are becoming aware that a lot of the charm of the old stuff is beginning to fade. This can lead to some deep questioning. This week, take time to clear your environment through sound, smudge, etc. Maintain that clarity as it will assist you in taking on a new perspective. Also stay grounded. Be centered in your heart. Act from your core, and in all circumstances, proceed from love. There is no clearer light.
On the larger scale, the foundations are coming apart in many, many countries. Things are being seen on the news in obvious cases, but there will much that is not noted. Some of this can be related to the one-sidedness of the media. Some can be related to the fact that small movements in the beginning are not seen as having any real significance. The myopia of the powers that want to be is becoming ever more pronounced. The financial markets will ride something of a roller coaster this week, but should end basically on a high note as some double-talk announcement is made concerning an issues related to fuel and the environments. Also the weather will turn wicked in some areas. There will be unexpected bursts of weather conditions that are out of season, even frightening. There is more flow within the mantle of the Earth. It is as though the liquid core is becoming somewhat unbalanced. This can lead to some unusual effects on the surface and in the seas. Look for an individual to be arising possibly in the Mid to Far East who is going to have some promises of some kind of salvation, perhaps not reported just yet, but rumored in the social media. There will be more UFO activity, much caught on camera, and there is the possibility if bot this week, but soon, of some kind of message coming to the Earth from the Galaxy. Look for more talk of diseases. Interestingly, none will be linked to the obvious culprits – GMO’s, vaccines, pollution, etc. It is well to look to local farmers for your produce. That one time extra-Galactic energy is beginning to exert more of a pull on the planets as a whole and on the Sun in particular. There can be some weird events relative to planetary motion and solar activity.
It is time for all to be in touch with Gaia, to offer her your support, and to be connected with her at all times.
How far we have come in terms of overall models for life management and personal evolution?
By Rolf Kenneth Myhre Note: This article is the views only of the author. It does not necessarily represent Nyhetsspeilets profile, editorial opinions, or other writers on Nyhetsspeilet. Only the author is responsible for this article, and only their own articles.
The article gives a brief introduction to Gurdjieff’s Fourth way and Ken Wilber’s Integral Life Practice (ILP). Gurdjieff’s Fourth way is a path of personal evolution in its classic form requires the help of a master, while Wilber’s ILP is a model for self-directed life-management and personal evolution.
Ideas about personal evolution
The different evolutionary paths and traditions that have arisen over the years, all (of course) related to a particular cosmology or metaphysical worldview. When evaluating a particular way with a particular goal (eg. The great awakening), one should also reflect on the underlying worldview. Let us take as an example Buddhism. Is it true that men are ruled by lust? This sounds almost like the Christian original sin. A psychologist Abraham Maslow or a psychotherapist Arthur Janov that would have replaced the word “lust” in need. Buddhism has a strong focus on being free from this world, and we are given well actually only one-dimensional notions of how life was for the liberated. What kind of life lives these enlightened when they have left the physical plane? Channeled ET literature has no corresponding notions of fundamental dualism between the liberated and the “wheel of life”-bound.
The reflections of relevance when it comes to questions like: Should The great awakening be a rush project, about which to be saved from the great sin? Or should we rather put more emphasis on a modular development of all our functions, and bring our functions more or less in harmony with each other? What should we focus most on: the long road of life, or some one-dimensional ideas about a fundamental goals? Such questions must have been the basis for the development of the fourth way.
“It is better to travel integrally and whole … than two arrive as a Specialized piece�
Gurdjieff’s Fourth way
Here in the West it was George I. Gurdjieff (1866? -1949) From Armenia who introduced the Fourth way [Wiki: GI Gurdjieff ]. What this article is concerned, it is not so interesting how Gurdjieff got their ideas and inspiration from. The important thing to understand is the principle of Fourth way. Gurdjieff’s Fourth explanation of the way, and how he practices went forth with His disciples, has been best described by PD Ouspensky in his book In Search of the Miraculous (1947). This volume presents verbatim Gurdjieff talks about the three traditional ways: The body’s way (= Fakir way and hatha yoga), emotion-way (= monk’s way and bhakti yoga) and the mind’s way (just as Gurdjieff called yogi way).
Within yoga distinguishes also between raja yoga (consciousness and �rv�kenhetsveien) and jnana-yoga (the realms of knowledge way); besides that India also has a road called karma-yoga. Gurdjieff brought techniques and insights from all of the traditional system, and united them. Each novice was given a customized program, as a first measure of the way of all was a certain harmonization of the features, and a certain confrontation / vigilance around its own personality “most smelly” properties. In Gurdjieff’s version of the Fourth way is a master necessary as the ordinary individual is helplessly to be able to observe and correct their own “mess” and robotaktighet.
Another representative of the fourth way was ancient Indian Sri Aurobindo (1872-1950) (Wiki: Sri Aurobindo ], who made his own yoga synthesis called Integral Yoga [Wiki: Integral yoga ]. Gurdjieff was particularly categorical in his statements and writings of Sri Aurobindo is characterized by oriental difficult and hyper nuanced terminology. For both, their statements and books something secondary in relation to their practical teaching was conveyed intimate and individually.
Ken Wilber’s ILP
The trans-rational and integral philosopher Ken Wilber American (b. 1949) is the mastermind behind a new evolutionary path, Integral Life Practice (ILP) (see article RKM Ken Wilber and his integral framework for a post-modern cosmology ). ILP is adapted to the modern man in Western society, and does not require the presence of a master. Wilber and three co-authors gave in 2008 the book Integral Life Practice , which we are based in. ILP can be said to be a general name for any modular self-development program that aims to nurture and develop as many of the individual features and capabilities, so that evolution is the most comprehensive and harmonious. Wilber has worked with this modular approach since 2000, and in 2004 was the first ILP open workshops organized by the Integral Institute. According to Wilber (2006) has other centers and institutions that have been committed holistic development, just had methodologies for activating 2-3 functions. Thus, the ILP will represent a quantum leap forward.
ILP is quite simple that you take responsibility for your own evolution towards wholeness and harmony, and that you take responsibility for administering this modular evolution in a sensible way. In the books of Wilber and various workshops can bring ideas and suggestions, but what features / centers enable, and how to practice exercise and develop them, is of course entirely up to you. ILP is not tied to a specific eastern or esoteric world view, also here you can even insert the cosmology you personally prefer. In his book Integral Life Practice (2008) the authors have done their utmost to remove most of the cultural-religious-esoteric metaphysics and terminology traditionally associated with the individual modules and techniques.
When you get deeper into the practice of ILP, the ILP for each identical to the major art of life and the overall way of life. Because the framework is so new and modern, we are well rid of the “museum-like” association complex that characterizes most evolutionary paths.
Osho awakening psychology
Students of Indian oppv�knete master Osho (1931-1990) may well spice ILP with Osho own insights and methods. Osho specialty was to identify the evolutionary keys used by each of the major mystics and each of the mysterious traditions [see RKM article Osho (1931-1990): A biographical sketch of oppv�kningspsykologiens master ]. Osho never tried to create a system out of those keys.
Last updated on July 7, 2013 at 12:00 am EDT by in5d Alternative News
by Gregg Prescott, M.S.
Society has undergone a mass brainwashing and it is time for us to deprogram ourselves in order to be completely immersed in the evolution of consciousness.
1. Religion
If a UFO were to land in your backyard tonight, I promise the ET will not have either a bible or money. Religion has been the longest running form of mind control on the planet and has served to not only keep us separated, but to depopulate the world through numerous wars, Inquisitions and Crusades in the name of “God”.
What religion does not teach us is that we are powerful, spiritual beings without them.
In the next few months or years, we can look forward to religion’s next form of mind control as they admit to the presence of extraterrestrial beings. This, of course, will not fall into the bible’s timeline, unless they try to convince their followers that the ET’s have only been around for the last 6,000 years as well. If that were true, then why are they so much more advanced than we are if they are able to travel light years to visit us?
The real truth is that the bible is just a story to keep you living in subservience, control and conformity, the same template as every government.
Solution: Ask lots of questions and go within for answers. It is time to take control of your own life instead of giving your energy and power away to others.
2. Money
When you find religion, you find money as these two tenets in life are married to one another. Within these two entities, you’ll also find their bastard stepchild, government as all 3 are perpetually tied to each other.
I often ask people, “If there was no such thing as money, then what would you be doing with your life?” This will give you an idea of what your life purpose should be if you were not influenced by the almighty dollar.
While money can simply be viewed as another form of energy, neither positive or negative, it also takes us away from our true, natural selves along with what is truly important in our lives.
We are all economic slaves to the system. How many of us work 40+ hours a week only to find ourselves so drained at the end of the day that we don’t want to do anything other than relax and watch TV?
That means that you are working 40+ hours so you can enjoy yourself for the weekend. In essence, you are an economic slave for 5 days to the corporations in exchange for 2 days to yourself. Does this sound fair? And how are you spending these two days? Are you helping to make this world a better place or are you simply recharging your batteries so you can go back to being a slave to these corporations who drained your battery in the first place?
Solution: We live in a society that relies on money for existence. Some people are able to get off the grid completely but they are few and far between. Find whatever it is that truly makes you happy, then find ways to make a living doing it. There may be a time when you have to work your current job while building a new career, but in the end, you’ll find that working for yourself is much more gratifying than working some job that you hate for a boss who is an a*hole.
Also, stop supporting these companies that keep us living as economic slaves. Buy local.
3. Nature
Everything that man has done has contributed to the degradation of nature as we have polluted our food, skies and water supplies. Nature was much better off without us.
Despite our ways, nature provides an outlet and an opportunity to connect with what is important in life because without nature, we do not exist, period.
Solution: Take to time to connect with nature. Go out for a long walk in the woods or at the beach. Listen. Stargaze. Find that inner peace that nature provides. This is much more enriching than wasting your time watching TV.
4. TV
Along with religion, this is one of the biggest mind control venues out there. How many times have you ever felt good after watching the news? If you trace who owns the mainstream media in the United States (TV, newspapers, radio stations, magazines, etc…) you’ll find that there are only 6 people at the top of the chain and all have Zionist ties, so what are the chances that your news is “fair and unbiased”?
Do you enjoy being (literally) programmed into what you should eat, wear, drink, etc… through the commercials?
This is why we never see an introverted person on TV ads because it shows the wrong message to those in power as they discourage people from looking within. Every ad shows some extrovert with his or her group of friends living the fictitious life that you should be living (through their eyes). And these people have above average looks and portray success, which subconsciously tell us that we are not good enough the way we are and if we want to be successful, beautiful and have friends like them, then we need to purchase whatever product they are selling. Does this sound ridiculous? It is, yet many people fall for this ploy, otherwise the commercial would not exist.
Solution: Stop watching TV. If you cannot do this, then record educational programs and skip through the commercials.
5. Meditate
The biggest excuse people say when asked why they do not meditate is, “I don’t have the time” yet these same people will waste hours watching their favorite TV shows.
Another excuse is, “I can’t clear my mind.”
There are many different forms of meditation and in time, you will be able to meditate at a crowded beach or swimming pool if you really wanted to.
There are many physiological, psychological and spiritual benefits to meditating. (see 100 Benefits of Meditation)
Meditation allows you to connect to your higher while giving you clarity and insight to your direction and purpose for being here. This is why our senses are over-stimulated with everything else… to keep us too busy to connect with our higher selves.
Solution: Find the time to meditate, even if it is for only 5-10 minutes a day. Experiment with different meditation techniques.
6. Cleanse Your Body
As part of the programming, our bodies have been introduced to many foreign substances, such as vaccines, GMO’s, fluoridated water, chemtrails, mercury fillings, etc…
There is a reason why 55 countries have BANNED GMO’s and why there is a Monsanto Protection Act in the United States. If you haven’t already, please educate yourself on the dangers of genetically modified organisms.
Each of these substances and elements have been specifically designed to keep our energies at low levels while polluting our bodies along with the air, water and food supplies.
Plus, each of these are introducing elements that are foreign to our bodies and cannot possibly be good for you.
People will say, “Well, I’ve been eating GMO’s for years and I feel great!”
10 years from now, when they’re on dialysis from kidney failure or need massive tumors removed, will they be saying the same thing?
Solution: Buy local. Buy organic. Stop buying from chain stores. Filter your water, use reverse osmosis or buy clean drinking water. Plant organic heirloom seeds. Replace mercury fillings. Refuse vaccinations. Research holistic physicians and methods to cure holistically.
7. Education
Our educational system is a complete failure as it basically grooms our children to become corporate economic slaves while discouraging them to ask questions and to follow their own path.
Generally, there has been a “dumbing down” in our educational systems because it is not in the controller’s best interests to have a large part of the society questioning why things are the way they are, nor is it in their best interests for us to come up with better solutions.
College is yet another failure as it generally creates even more economic subservience through student loans that will take a life time to repay.
Solution: Homeschool your children without the state sponsored propaganda. Teach them at a young age to take time out to meditate. Encourage metaphysical abilities within them (or yourself!).
Conclusion
For many people, they will not see or acknowledge the brainwashing and programming that has been occurring throughout the decades and centuries until it is too late. Many will live their lives content as being economic slaves to a broken system.
We are at an important juncture in human history. The path we are currently following is unsustainable and will inevitably self-destruct, as it is already doing under its own weight. What we need are solutions and answers, but first, we need to awaken from the collective programming we’re under and work together to provide solutions in the best interests of humanity.
Copyright Information: Copyright in5d and Gregg Prescott, M.S.. This content may be freely reproduced in full or in part in any form.
If you or your kids enjoy pre-packaged convenience foods commonly found in grocery stores across the U.S. such as Froot Loops, Swanson dinners, Mountain Dew, and frozen potato and bread products, you may think twice before purchasing them after hearing what they contain: dangerous chemicals that other countries around the globe have deemed toxic to the point that they’re illegal, and companies are fined hundreds of thousands of dollars for including them in food products.
In a new book Rich Food, Poor Food, authors Mira and Jason Calton provide a list of what they term “Banned Bad Boys” – ingredients commonly used in up to 80% of all American convenience food that have been banned by other countries, with information about which countries banned each substance and why.
And though it might not surprise you to hear that Olestra – commonly used in low/no-fat snack foods and known to cause serious gastrointestinal issues for those who consume it (understatement) – is on that list, having been banned in both the United Kingdom and Canada, you may be shocked to hear that Mountain Dew, Fresca and Squirt all contain brominated vegetable oil, a substance that has been banned in more than 100 countries “because it has been linked to basically every form of thyroid disease – from cancer to autoimmune diseases – known to man.”
You might also be upset to hear that the food coloring used to make your kid’s delicious Mac & Cheese dinner visually appealing – yellow #5 and yellow #6, namely – is made from coal tar, which among other things is an active ingredient in lice shampoo and has been linked to allergies, ADHD, and cancer in animals. And gaaaaah.
Then there’s azodicarbonamide – commonly found in frozen dinners and frozen potato and bread products – which is used make things like bleach and foamed plastics like those found in yoga mats (tasty!). Azodicarbonamide has been banned in most European countries because it’s known to induce asthma, and is in fact deemed so dangerous that in Singapore its use carries a hefty $500,00 fine and up to 15 years in prison.
Yet, according to the FDA, it’s SO TOTALLY FINE for us to keep shoveling it into our kid’s faceholes: “[Azodicarbonamide] is approved to be a bleaching agent in cereal flour and is permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption.”
Oooookay then.
Finally, there’s butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) – found in Post, Kelloggs and Quaker brand cereals – which is made from petroleum and is a known cancer-causing agent. It’s been banned in England and Japan, but those of us in the U.S. can keep right on serving up to our children for breakfast, because AMMURICA. And FREEDOMZ.
Anyone else find all of this, ohhhh I don’t know, more than a tad bit disturbing? I’m not ashamed to say I have love for the blue box Mac & Cheese, and to think that chemicals known and recognized world-wide as completely toxic are included in that – a product openly marketed as being a meal FOR KIDS – makes me more than a little ragey. I mean, those chemicals can’t be what makes it taste so good, right? So can’t we, umm, just use something else instead? (PLEEEASE DON’T MAKE ME GIVE UP THE MAC & CHEESE, PLEEEASE.) Sigh.
The Japanese government withdrew its recommendation that the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine can be used by girls, due to possible adverse effects such as long-term pain and numbness.
On the contrary, health officials in the Unites States recommended last week that teenage girls should be HPV vaccinated more after a study showed that the vaccine is “highly” effective.
The vaccination in Japan is not suspended, but the use of the vaccine is not promoted by local governments, as instructed by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare.
“The decision does not mean that the vaccine itself is problematic from the viewpoint of safety,” said Mariko Momoi, who is a vice president of the International University of Health and Welfare in Ōtawara, Tochigi, Japan. “By implementing investigations, we want to offer information that can make the people feel more at ease.”
Merck, manufacturer and seller of one of the vaccines, Gardasil, commented the public decision:
“While direct causal relationship between the vaccines and serious symptoms observed after inoculation has not been established at this time, we fully understand the anxiety felt by many people in Japan. In response to this decision, we will continue to collaborate with all stakeholders, including (the health ministry), to monitor and verify safety data toward resumption of active promotion for HPV vaccination as soon as possible,” according to a company spokesperson.
Both Gardasil, which is a quadrivalent vaccine, and Cervarix (GlaxoSmithKline), which is bivalent, are legal to use in Japan.
Girls will still be able to be vaccinated for free, but from now on they will be informed by healthcare providers that the health ministry does not recommend it.
The mystery radio bursts detected by the Parkes Observatory, seem to be coming from way beyond the Milky Way.
ALEX CHERNEY, TERRASTRO.COM/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY
Astronomers have for the first time detected a population of ultrashort radio bursts with properties that strongly suggest that they originate from outside the Milky Way Galaxy. Lasting for a few thousandths of a second and estimated to erupt roughly every 10 seconds, the mysterious bursts are likely to be caused by a previously unknown class of radio-emitting phenomenon, researchers report in Science1.“This is one of the most important radio discoveries in the last couple of decades,” says Scott Ransom, an astronomer at the US National Radio Astronomy Observatory in Charlottesville, Virginia, who was not part of the study.
Although radio signals that vary over days to months have been recorded from distant galaxies for decades, ultrashort signals from beyond the Milky Way had never been definitively detected, notes study co-author Dan Thornton, an astronomer at the University of Manchester, UK. He and his colleagues embarked on a search for extragalactic radio bursts after a report in 2007 suggested that one such signal had been tentatively found2.
Using archived data from the 64-metre Parkes Radio Telescope in Australia — the same instrument that had recorded the tentative single burst — Thornton and his collaborators found four bursts that seemed to come from outside the Galaxy.
As radio waves travel through ionized material in space, they encounter a sea of electrons that slows down the lower-frequency components of the signals, but leaves higher-frequency components almost unaffected. As a result, a narrow radio signal travelling a long distance spreads out or disperses. The four radio signals found by Thornton and his team are so spread out that the distribution of electrons in the Milky Way can account for only 3–6% of their dispersion. That is a strong indication that all four signals, which come from different regions of the sky, originate outside the Galaxy. “These things look conclusively to be extragalactic,” says Ransom.
Cosmic riddle
Models of the electron content of intergalactic space suggest that the bursts crossed between 1.7 billion and 3.2 billion parsecs (between 5.5 billion and 10 billion light years) of space to reach Earth, coming from much farther away than the edge of the Milky Way.
The brevity and brightness of the bursts suggests they were emitted by some kind of small, energetic object such as a magnetar, a neutron star with an extremely powerful magnetic field. The bursts “are signalling the existence of a cataclysmic event involving large amounts of mass and or energy”, says Thornton. But their origin remains a mystery because astronomers were unable to pinpoint where the fleeting signals came from.
Researchers at Parkes are now working to find bursts in real time, so that optical telescopes can hunt for any visible light that may be given off by the same source. They could use the wavelengths of that light to calculate exactly how far away the source is.
If astronomers can pinpoint the distances, they can use the dispersion of the radio signals to measure the number of electrons in the space between galaxies. The electron abundance is representative of the amount of baryons — protons and neutrons — that resides in intergalactic space.
That number is of intense interest because it could solve a cosmic riddle: why the abundance of baryons inside galaxies falls short of the total tally that observations of the early Universe suggest should exist today. The new class of bursts could finally locate the missing baryons, notes Thornton.
BIG SUNSPOT FACES EARTH: Colossal sunspot AR1785 is now directly facing Earth. The active region has a ‘beta-gamma-delta’ magnetic field that harbors energy for X-class flares, yet so far the sunspot has been mostly quiet. Could it be the calm before the storm? NOAA forecasters estimate a 55% chance of M-flares and a 10% chance of X-flares on July 8th.
Sprawling more than 11 Earth-diameters from end to end, AR1785 is one of the biggest sunspots of the current solar cycle. In fact, it can barely fit on the screen. Click on the dark core below to see a complete hi-res picture taken by Christian Viladrich of Nattages, France:
To take the picture, Viladrich used a filtered 14-inch Celestron telescope. All those irregular blobs surrounding the primary dark core are boiling granules of plasma as small as the state of California or Texas. It’s a very sharp picture.